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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. ArcadeDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. ArcadeDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#366  Overall
#50  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#53  Key-value stores
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgarcadedb.comwww.cockroachlabs.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.arcadedb.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsArcade DataCockroach LabsMicrosoft
Initial release2012202120152016
Current release29.0.1, April 2024September 202124.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freedynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query language, no joinsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access controlyes

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More resources
Apache DruidArcadeDBCockroachDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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