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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. ArcadeDB vs. BaseX vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. ArcadeDB vs. BaseX vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Native XML DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#366  Overall
#50  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#53  Key-value stores
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score0.78
Rank#213  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgarcadedb.combasex.orgwww.geomesa.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.arcadedb.comdocs.basex.orgwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsArcade DataBaseX GmbHCCRi and othersMicrosoft
Initial release20122021200720142019
Current release29.0.1, April 2024September 202110.7, August 20235.0.0, May 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query language, no joinsnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyes infovia eventsnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednonedepending on storage layerSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replicationnonedepending on storage layeryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on storage layerEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDmultiple readers, single writernono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nodepending on storage layerno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidArcadeDBBaseXGeoMesaMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
DB-Engines blog posts

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