DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.85
Rank	#96	Overall
	#50	Relational DBMS
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.91
Rank	#93	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#95	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	24.97
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

druid.apache.org

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.h2database.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Thomas Mueller

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2000

2005

2010

2014

Current release

30.0.0, June 2024

4.9.0, July 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Erlang

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Java

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access control via Jena Security

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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