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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Lovefield vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Lovefield vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasegithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleTimescale
Initial release20122018201220142017
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.1.0, April 20232.1.12, February 20172.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
Native API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'nouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)noneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasnoneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyesyes, based on authentication and database rulesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidApache IoTDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseLovefieldTimescaleDB
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