DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Quasardb vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Quasardb vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Distributed, high-performance timeseries database

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.14
Rank	#332	Overall
	#29	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

drill.apache.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

quasar.ai

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

docs.immudb.io

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

doc.quasar.ai/master

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Codenotary

Microsoft

quasardb

Initial release

2012

2020

2014

2009

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

3.14.1, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

hosted

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

integer and binary

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

with tags

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C++

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

consistent hashing

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

by using LevelDB

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

Transient mode

yes

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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