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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Hive vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Hive vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storagedata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopCloud-based data warehousing serviceA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#124  Overall
#22  Document stores
#59  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score1.37
Rank#160  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orghive.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousewww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookIBMLeanXcaleMicrosoft
Initial release20122012201420152019
Current release1.20.3, January 20233.1.3, April 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++C++
Java
PHP
Python
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
C
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducePL/SQL, SQL PLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DrillHiveIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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