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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. FoundationDB vs. HugeGraph vs. MaxDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. FoundationDB vs. HugeGraph vs. MaxDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedrill.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
maxdb.sap.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbhugegraph.apache.org/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFoundationDBBaiduSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997OpenLink Software
Initial release20122013201819841998
Current release1.20.3, January 20236.2.28, November 20200.97.9.10.12, February 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Unix
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsin SQL-layer onlyasynchronous Gremlin script jobsyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnovia hugegraph-sparknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneLinearizable consistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyes infoedges in graphyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourcenoUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DrillFoundationDBHugeGraphMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache DrillFoundationDBHugeGraphMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DVirtuoso
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