DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.02
Rank	#124	Overall
	#22	Document stores
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	8.08
Rank	#48	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

dgraph.io/docs

docs.greenplum.org

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Pivotal Software Inc.

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2016

2005

2016

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

7.0.0, September 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C++

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

Java

C#
Java
PHP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Sharding

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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