DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. NSDb vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. NSDb vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

docs.datomic.com

duckdb.org/docs

nsdb.io/Architecture

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cognitect

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2018

2017

2013

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

0.10, February 2024

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Java, Scala

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

Linux
macOS

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C++

Clojure
Java

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Java
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

Using Apache Lucene

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

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