DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. RDF4J vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. RDF4J vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

docs.datomic.com

dgraph.io/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cognitect

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2016

2004

2013

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C++

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

Planned for future releases

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