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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.h2database.compingcap.com
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docswww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperApache Software FoundationCockroach LabsThomas MuellerPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2012201520052016
Current release1.20.3, January 202323.1.1, May 20232.2.220, July 20238.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageGoJavaGo, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC++C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
JavaAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DrillCockroachDBH2TiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Apache DrillCockroachDBH2TiDB
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