DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	2.32
Rank	#112	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

drill.apache.org

www.citusdata.com

maxdb.sap.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

docs.citusdata.com

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2010

1984

1989

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

8.1, December 2018

7.9.10.12, February 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

C++

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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