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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Linter

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Linter

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBRDBMS for high security requirements
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbhsqldb.orglinter.ru
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsdocs.citusdata.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFoundationDBrelex.ru
Initial release20122010201320011990
Current release1.20.3, January 20238.1, December 20186.2.28, November 20202.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes infostandard, with numerous extensionssupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC++.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.in SQL-layer onlyJava, SQLyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesin SQL-layer onlyyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourcefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DrillCitusFoundationDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLinter
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