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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Native XML DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#124  Overall
#22  Document stores
#59  Relational DBMS
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgbasex.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsdocs.basex.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationBaseX GmbHMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012200720191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.20.3, January 202311.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC++Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes infovia eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanomultiple readers, single writernoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenono
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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