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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Apache IoTDB vs. BaseX vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Apache IoTDB vs. BaseX vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSNative XML DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgbasex.orgwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.basex.orgwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software FoundationBaseX GmbHMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20122018200720102019
Current release1.20.3, January 20231.1.0, April 202310.7, August 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava.NET and C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
.NEThosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantSQL-like query languagenonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Native API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
RESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyesyesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesyes infovia eventsnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)nonehorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesIntegration with Hadoop and SparknoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonomultiple readers, single writernono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DrillApache IoTDBBaseXGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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