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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. HarperDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. HarperDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Websitedrill.apache.orgdruid.apache.orgblazegraph.comwww.citusdata.comwww.harperdb.io
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.citusdata.comdocs.harperdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation and contributorsBlazegraphHarperDB
Initial release20122012200620102017
Current release1.20.3, January 202329.0.1, April 20242.1.5, March 20198.1, December 20183.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infofree community edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaCNode.js
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeyesdynamic schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoRDF literal typesyesyes infoJSON data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantSQL for queryingSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like data manipulation statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC++Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Custom Functions infosince release 3.1
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be defined
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDAtomic execution of specific operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes, using LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DrillApache DruidBlazegraphCitusHarperDB
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