DBMS > Apache Derby vs. H2 vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Apache Derby vs. H2 vs. SingleStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.04
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	7.26
Rank	#45	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	3.69
Rank	#70	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Website

db.apache.org/derby

www.h2database.com

www.singlestore.com

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.singlestore.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Thomas Mueller

SingleStore Inc.

Initial release

1997

2005

2013

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

8.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

free developer edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++, Go

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

64 bit version required

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

hash partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Turbocharge Your Application Development Using WebAssembly With SingleStoreDB
17 October 2022, Akmal Chaudhri, SingleStore (sponsor)

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9 June 2022, Akmal Chaudhri, SingleStore (sponsor)

SingleStore: The Increasing Momentum of Multi-Model Database Systems
14 February 2022, Akmal Chaudhri, SingleStore (sponsor)

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Derby Vulnerability Let Attackers Bypass Authentication with LDAP Injection
3 March 2025, CybersecurityNews

JDBC tutorial: Easy installation and setup with Apache Derby
20 December 2019, theserverside.com

Using Java DB in Desktop Applications
15 October 2019, Oracle

IBM Acquires Stepzen to Scale AI, Cloud Ambitions
9 February 2023, CX Today

The Apache® Software Foundation Announces 18 Years of Open Source Leadership
28 March 2017, GlobeNewswire

provided by Google News

SingleStore Appoints Nadeem Asghar as Chief Technology Officer
17 April 2025, citybiz

SingleStore Acquires BryteFlow to Accelerate Adoption of Real-Time Analytics, GenAI
3 October 2024, Business Wire

Announcing watsonx.ai and SingleStore for generative AI applications
16 October 2024, IBM

SingleStore acquires BryteFlow to boost data ingestion capabilities
3 October 2024, InfoWorld

SingleStore's BryteFlow acquisition targets data integration
3 October 2024, TechTarget

provided by Google News

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