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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Key-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score108.05
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score13.82
Rank#38  Overall
#5  Document stores
#3  Vector DBMS
Score22.94
Rank#26  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#2  Wide column stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchbase.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCouchbase, Inc.Microsoft
Initial release200820112014
Current release5.0-rc1, July 2024Server: 7.6, March 2024; Mobile: 3.3, August 2024; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), September 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, C++, Go and Erlang
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++JavaScript
Triggersyesyes infovia the TAP protocolJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Automatic ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral buckets
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Access rights can be defined down to the item level
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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More resources
Apache CassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
DB-Engines blog posts

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