DBMS > AnzoGraph DB vs. Ingres vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison AnzoGraph DB vs. Ingres vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualization

Well established RDBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

RDF store

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.29
Rank	#303	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

rdf4j.org

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph/userdoc/home.htm

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Cambridge Semantics

Actian Corporation

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2018

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1994

2004

2013

Current release

2.3, January 2021

11.2, May 2022

18.1.40, May 2020

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free trial version available

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

Schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

Apache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
Python

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions and aggregates

yes

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Automatic sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication in MPP-Cluster

Ingres Replicator

Source-replica replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Kerberos/HDFS data loading

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency in MPP-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

not needed in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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