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DBMS > AnzoGraph DB vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison AnzoGraph DB vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAnzoGraph DB  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualizationA distributed reliable key-value storeGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.29
Rank#303  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecambridgesemantics.com/­anzographetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdocs.cambridgesemantics.com/­anzograph/­userdoc/­home.htmetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperCambridge SemanticsGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release2018201520012016
Current release2.3, January 20213.4, August 201911.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree trial version availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeSchema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnononoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.nonoyes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methodsApache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions and aggregatesnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQL
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic shardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication in MPP-ClusterUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsKerberos/HDFS data loadingnoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency in MPP-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infonot needed in graphsnononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyes

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More resources
AnzoGraph DBetcdGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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