DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. etcd vs. MySQL vs. RRDtool vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. etcd vs. MySQL vs. RRDtool vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

A distributed reliable key-value store

Widely used open source RDBMS

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1.90
Rank	#132	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.mysql.com

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Amazon

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Tobias Oetiker

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2017

1995

1999

2014

Current release

3.4, August 2019

8.4.0, April 2024

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C and C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

HP-UX
Linux

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

in-process shared library
Pipes

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

user defined functions

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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