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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. Qdrant vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. Qdrant vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score1.28
Rank#167  Overall
#7  Vector DBMS
Score35.09
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpostgis.netgithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
www.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpostgis.net/­documentationqdrant.tech/­documentationhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperAmazonMicrosoftQdrantSAP, Sybase
Initial release20172019200520211987
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.4.2, February 202416.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCRustC and C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-textyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsJava and Transact-SQL
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infobased on PostgreSQLShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infobased on PostgreSQLCollection-level replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationyes infobased on PostgreSQLKey-based authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostGISQdrantSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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