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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Realm vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Realm vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlrealm.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperAmazonLeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 20198Kdata
Initial release20172015199420142016
Current release18.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemshostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnoyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBRealmToroDB
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