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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Kingbase vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Kingbase vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.kingbase.com.cnwww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmloss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmloss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperAmazonBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.LeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleTobias Oetiker
Initial release20171999201519941999
Current releaseV8.0, August 202118.1.40, May 20201.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and JavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoStandard with numerous extensionsyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnono
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneKingbaseLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBRRDtool
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