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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.kinetica.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.snowflake.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.kinetica.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperAmazonKineticaMicrosoftSnowflake Computing Inc.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20172012198920142014
Current release7.1, August 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC, C++C++Scala
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsno
Triggersnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyesyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles on table levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneKineticaMicrosoft SQL ServerSnowflakeSpark SQL
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