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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Kdb vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Kdb vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudHigh performance Time Series DBMSA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunekx.comwww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescode.kx.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcLeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20172000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003201519942005
Current release3.6, May 201818.1.40, May 202012.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageqC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (q)yes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyes infowith viewsyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningnonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneKdbLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneKdbLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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