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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Ignite vs. PouchDB vs. ToroDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Ignite vs. PouchDB vs. ToroDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Document storeDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score2.28
Rank#115  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneignite.apache.orgpouchdb.comgithub.com/­torodb/­servervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapacheignite.readme.io/­docspouchdb.com/­guidesdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation8KdataOpenLink Software
Initial release20172015201220161998
Current releaseApache Ignite 2.67.1.1, June 20197.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++, Java, .NetJavaScriptJavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java 7 VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)View functions in JavaScriptyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyes (cache interceptors and events)yesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungeShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes (replicated cache)Multi-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)yesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Security Hooks for custom implementationsnoAccess rights for users and rolesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneIgnitePouchDBToroDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneIgnitePouchDBToroDBVirtuoso
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