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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Lovefield vs. Stardog vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Lovefield vs. Stardog vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCloud-based data warehousing serviceEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperAmazonIBMGoogleStardog-UnionAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20172014201420102012
Current release2.1.12, February 20177.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPL/SQL, SQL PLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes
TriggersnoyesUsing read-only observersyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and rolesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBLovefieldStardogTitan
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