DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LeanXcale vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LeanXcale vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Time Series DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	0.01
Rank	#377	Overall
	#39	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.28
Rank	#286	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#130	Relational DBMS

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.hawkular.org

www.leanxcale.com

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Amazon

Community supported by Red Hat

LeanXcale

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2017

2014

2015

2010

Current release

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

through Apache Derby

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

HTTP REST

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

C
Java
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

How Apollo Tyres built their tyre genealogy solution using Amazon Neptune and Amazon Bedrock
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13 September 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Neptune Analytics now supports openCypher queries over RDF Graphs
13 August 2024, AWS Blog

New Amazon Neptune engine version delivers up to 9 times faster and 10 times higher throughput for openCypher query performance
23 July 2024, AWS Blog

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