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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. OrientDB vs. RavenDB vs. ReductStore

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. OrientDB vs. RavenDB vs. ReductStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonReductStore  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseDesigned to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Document storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.05
Rank#384  Overall
#44  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.h2database.comorientdb.orgravendb.netgithub.com/­reductstore
www.reduct.store
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlravendb.net/­docswww.reduct.store/­docs
DeveloperAmazonThomas MuellerOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPHibernating RhinosReductStore LLC
Initial release20172005201020102023
Current release2.2.220, July 20233.2.29, March 20245.4, July 20221.9, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBusiness Source License 1.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC#C++, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language, no joinsSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, Javascriptyes
TriggersnoyesHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneH2OrientDBRavenDBReductStore
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