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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. KeyDB vs. OrientDB vs. ReductStore

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. KeyDB vs. OrientDB vs. ReductStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonReductStore  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Designed to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#229  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score0.05
Rank#384  Overall
#44  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
orientdb.orggithub.com/­reductstore
www.reduct.store
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.keydb.devwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.reduct.store/­docs
DeveloperAmazonThomas MuellerEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPReductStore LLC
Initial release20172005201920102023
Current release2.2.220, July 20233.2.29, March 20241.9, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD-3Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBusiness Source License 1.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC++, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinuxAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoTinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsLuaJava, Javascript
TriggersnoyesnoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control and ACLAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneH2KeyDBOrientDBReductStore
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