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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Coherence vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Coherence vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Oracles in-memory data grid solutionRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#129  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­java/­coherencerdf4j.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherencerdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonGoogleOracleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2017201720072004
Current release14.1, August 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nono
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Java
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes
Triggersnonoyes infoLive Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with selectable consistency levelnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationconfigurableACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infooptionallyyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authenticationno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerOracle CoherenceRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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