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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Splice Machine vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Splice Machine vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Score1.47
Rank#157  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldbsplicemachine.comwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdsplicemachine.com/­how-it-worksdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperAmazonGoogleGoogleSplice MachineVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20172017201120142010
Current release1.23, February 20213.1, March 202111.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava, C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes infoJavaJava
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar PartitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoYes, via Full Spark Integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerLevelDBSplice MachineVoltDB
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