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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2GIS vs. Solr vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2GIS vs. Solr vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spatial extension of H2A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2gis.orgsolr.apache.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homesolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperAmazonGoogleCNRSApache Software Foundation
Initial release20172017201320062009
Current release9.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSolr Parallel SQL Interfaceno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infobased on H2Java pluginsno
Triggersnonoyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infobased on H2yesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDoptimistic lockingno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infobased on H2yesno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerH2GISSolrTinkerGraph
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