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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#46  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score3.55
Rank#80  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannergreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tables
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.greenplum.org
DeveloperAmazonGooglePivotal Software Inc.Microsoft
Initial release2017201720052012
Current release7.0.0, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinuxhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infosince Version 4.2no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Table Storage
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