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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperAmazonGoogleLeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20172008201519942017
Current release18.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details herenoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App Enginenoyes
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole-based access control

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud DatastoreLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBTigerGraph
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