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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.progress.com/­marklogicgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2017201520012012
Current release11.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL92no
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicTitan
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