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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.34
Rank#112  Overall
#21  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticspouchdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticspouchdb.com/­guides
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20172015200120162012
Current release11.0, December 20227.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaScript
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL92yesno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQLView functions in JavaScript
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyesMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyesno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePouchDB
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