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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­bigtablegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldorientdb.orgwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonGoogleGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPMireo
Initial release20172015201420102020
Current release2.1.12, February 20173.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language, no joinsA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoJava, Javascriptno
TriggersnonoUsing read-only observersHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneMulti-source replicationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableyes

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud BigtableLovefieldOrientDBSpaceTime
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