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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. GridDB vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. GridDB vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1.95
Rank#128  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.ontotext.comgriddb.netneo4j.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.griddb.netneo4j.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperAmazonGoogleOntotextToshiba CorporationNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release20172010200020132007
Current release10.4, October 20235.1, August 20225.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)no
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersnononoyesyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replicationSource-replica replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID at container levelACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneGoogle BigQueryGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGridDBNeo4j
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
GitHub trending repository
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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