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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Qdrant vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Qdrant vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSVector DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score1.28
Rank#167  Overall
#7  Vector DBMS
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
www.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlqdrant.tech/­documentationwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperAmazonFoundationDBThomas MuellerQdrantAlessandro Furieri
Initial release20172013200520212008
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20235.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaRustC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMDocker
Linux
macOS
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-textyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseCollection-level replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsin SQL-layer onlyyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardKey-based authenticationno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneFoundationDBH2QdrantSpatiaLite
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