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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenEdge vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenEdge vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOpenEdge  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Application development environment with integrated database management systemA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.51
Rank#86  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.progress.com/­openedgerealm.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocumentation.progress.com/­output/­ua/­OpenEdge_latestrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperAmazonFoundationDBGoogleProgress Software CorporationRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release20172013201719842014
Current release6.2.28, November 2020OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoclose to SQL 92no
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language).Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlynoyesno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnononoyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infosince Version 11.4none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users and groupsyes

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneFoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerOpenEdgeRealm
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