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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. JaguarDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. JaguarDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonJaguarDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applicationsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Search engineRelational DBMSKey-value store
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#381  Overall
#59  Key-value stores
#13  Vector DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comwww.jaguardb.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.jaguardb.com/­support.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonElasticThomas MuellerDataJaguar, Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20172010200520152010
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 20233.3 July 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL V3.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++ infothe server part. Clients available in other languagesJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infobut no views, foreign keys, triggersYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneElasticsearchH2JaguarDBStardog
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