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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. Ignite

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. Ignite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Search engineRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comwww.harperdb.ioignite.apache.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.harperdb.io/­docsapacheignite.readme.io/­docs
DeveloperAmazonElasticThomas MuellerHarperDBApache Software Foundation
Initial release20172010200520172015
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 20233.1, August 2021Apache Ignite 2.6
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaNode.jsC++, Java, .Net
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesdynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like data manipulation statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes (cache interceptors and events)
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyes (replicated cache)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornonoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesSecurity Hooks for custom implementations

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneElasticsearchH2HarperDBIgnite
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