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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedgraph.iogithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdgraph.io/­docsdocs.immudb.iodoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperAmazonDgraph Labs, Inc.CodenotaryDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release20172016202020132016
Current release1.2.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoGoC++Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like syntaxyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoJava, SQL
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Synchronous replication via Raftyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)no infoPlanned for future releasesStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDgraphImmudbNuoDBToroDB
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