DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#119	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

dgraph.io

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

dgraph.io/docs

docs.heavy.ai

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

Amazon

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Microsoft

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

2017

2016

1989

2018

Current release

5.10, January 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++ and CUDA

C++

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

Round robin

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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