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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedgraph.iofirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdgraph.io/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonDgraph Labs, Inc.Google infoacquired by Google 2014LeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20172016201220151994
Current release18.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonolimited functionality with using 'rules'no
TriggersnonoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Synchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)no infoPlanned for future releasesyes, based on authentication and database rulesno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDgraphFirebase Realtime DatabaseLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DB
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