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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.55
Rank#144  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.datomic.comneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlrdf4j.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.datomic.comneo4j.com/­docswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonCognitectNeo4j, Inc.Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20172012200719842004
Current release1.0.7180, July 20245.23, August 20247.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureJava, ScalaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
HP Open VMSLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyesno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneDatomicNeo4jOracle RdbRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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