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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.datomic.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbnsdb.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.datomic.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperAmazonCognitectFoundationDBGoogle
Initial release20172012201320112017
Current release1.0.7075, December 20236.2.28, November 20201.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++C++Java, Scala
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingnoyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesnonoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsin SQL-layer onlynono
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoin SQL-layer onlynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infowith automatic compression on writesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonono

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDatomicFoundationDBLevelDBNSDb
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