DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#119	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

Amazon

Cockroach Labs

Google

Microsoft

Oracle

Initial release

2017

2015

2011

2014

2007

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

1.23, February 2021

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

schema-free

dynamic schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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